American Revolution

Understanding the Revolutionary Era

The American Revolution (1775–1783) transformed thirteen British colonies into an independent nation founded on principles of liberty and self-governance. The conflict began with the Battles of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775, and concluded with the Treaty of Paris in 1783. During these eight years, approximately 230,000 American soldiers served in the Continental Army and state militias, with an estimated 25,000 deaths from combat and disease.

Key Campaigns and Turning Points

The war unfolded across three major theaters. The Northern Campaign (1775–1778) included the Siege of Boston, the New York and New Jersey campaigns, and culminated in the pivotal American victory at Saratoga in October 1777—the turning point that secured the French Alliance. The Southern Campaign (1778–1781) saw brutal partisan warfare across the Carolinas and Georgia before General Cornwallis's fateful march to Yorktown. The Western Theater involved frontier conflicts with British-allied Native American nations and George Rogers Clark's Illinois Campaign.

The Winter at Valley Forge

From December 1777 to June 1778, General Washington's Continental Army endured a transformative winter encampment at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. Despite suffering from disease, inadequate supplies, and freezing conditions, the army emerged as a disciplined fighting force under the training of Baron von Steuben. The Society of the Descendants of Washington's Army at Valley Forge honors those who endured this legendary encampment, preserving the memory of the approximately 12,000 soldiers who wintered there.

French Alliance and Foreign Support

The Franco-American Alliance of 1778 proved decisive in achieving independence. French military and financial support, championed by the Marquis de Lafayette, culminated in the joint Franco-American victory at Yorktown in October 1781. The Society of the Cincinnati, founded in 1783, was established by Continental Army officers to preserve the ideals and fellowship of the Revolution—and notably includes a French branch honoring officers who served alongside American forces.

The Legacy of Independence

The Revolutionary generation established lasting institutions of democratic governance. The Daughters of the American Revolution, founded in 1890, continues to honor the men and women who achieved independence through its mission of historic preservation, education, and patriotism. Similarly, the Sons of the American Revolution and the General Society, Sons of the Revolution perpetuate the memory of those who pledged their lives, fortunes, and sacred honor to the cause of liberty.

Colonial Foundations

The Revolutionary generation did not emerge in isolation. Organizations like the General Society of Colonial Wars and the National Society Daughters of Colonial Wars honor ancestors who defended the American colonies during the French and Indian War and earlier conflicts—military experience that proved invaluable during the Revolution. The Colonial Dames XVII Century and the National Society of The Colonial Dames of America preserve the broader colonial heritage that shaped Revolutionary ideals.

Preserving Revolutionary Heritage

Today, organizations dedicated to battlefield preservation and education ensure that future generations understand the sacrifices made for independence. The American Battlefield Trust works to preserve hallowed ground from the Revolution through modern conflicts. The National Museum of the United States Army traces Army history back to its founding on June 14, 1775—just two months after Lexington and Concord. The National Veterans Memorial and Museum honors all who have served, beginning with Revolutionary War veterans.

Youth and Future Generations

The National Society of the Children of the American Revolution, the nation's oldest patriotic youth organization, ensures that young Americans learn about their Revolutionary heritage. Founded in 1895, C.A.R. offers membership to anyone under 21 who descends from a Revolutionary patriot, fostering the next generation of informed citizens.

Unique Military Traditions

The Veteran Corps of Artillery, State of New York represents one of the oldest military organizations with roots in the Revolutionary period, preserving the military heritage of New York State. The Daughters of the Cincinnati, founded in 1894, continues the legacy of the Society of the Cincinnati by supporting daughters of career military officers and preserving Revolutionary War history.

Pathways to Revolutionary Heritage

Many Americans discover they descend from Revolutionary patriots through genealogical research. The organizations listed on this page offer resources for tracing lineage and documenting service:

• Military Service: Continental Army, state militias, Continental Navy, and privateer crews
• Civil Service: Members of Continental Congress, state legislatures, and committees of safety
• Material Support: Signers of oaths of allegiance, providers of supplies, and financiers of the cause
• Allied Service: French and Spanish officers and soldiers who supported American independence

Whether your ancestor served at Valley Forge, signed the Declaration of Independence, or provided material aid to the patriot cause, these organizations preserve their memory and welcome descendants who wish to honor their legacy.